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lnmp 安装教程 ​

安装环境： Ubuntu 18.04 + nginx + PHP7.4.* + mysql5.5

更新 apt-get ​
sudo apt-get update
安装 Nginx ​
  • Nginx 安装命令
sudo apt-get install nginx

  • 测试NGINX是否安装成功

    • 浏览器直接访问 ip:80 ，是否出现 nginx 信息，出现说明安装成功，否则未成功
    • 创建 a.txt 文件 vim /var/www/html/d.txt, 文件内容随意 , 并访问 http://ip:80/d.txt , 看是否正确输出文件内容
    • NGINX默认站点配置文件为 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

  • Nginx 站点配置

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

  • 配置文件内容

    server {
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/default.access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/default.error.log;
    root /var/www/html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

  • Nginx 命令

systemctl start nginx
systemctl restart nginx
systemctl stop nginx
systemctl status nginx
安装 PHP7.4 -- 使用 第三方库 software-properties-common ​
  • 安装 PHP
# 安装 add-apt-repository 命令
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
# 用add-apt-repository命令添加源
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

# 安装 php7.4 及其扩展
sudo apt-get install php7.4 php7.4-fpm php7.4-mysql php7.4-gd php7.4-mbstring php7.4-bcmath 
sudo apt-get install php7.4-dom php7.4-zip php7.4-sqlite3 php7.4-cli php7.4-soap
# 安装 phpize7.4
sudo apt-get install php7.4-dev
  • 配置 PHP
# php74-fpm 默认的监听方式是sock方式，对此需要修改配置文件
sudo vim /etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
  • # 修改 用户名和用户组
;user = www-data
;group = www-data
user = www
group = www

#　注释 listen
; listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock
#　添加
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
  • php-fpm 命令
systemctl start php7.4-fpm
systemctl restart php7.4-fpm
systemctl stop php7.4-fpm
systemctl status php7.4-fpm

# 查看监听状态
sudo netstat -nlp | grep 9000
  • 测试nginx站点是否可以正确解析php文件

    • nginx默认站点配置文件为 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

      # 修改 配置文件，以支持 php文件解析
vim /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
      server {
  listen 80 default_server;
  listen [::]:80 default_server;

  root /var/www/html;

  # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
  index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

  server_name _;

  location / {
      try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
  }

  # pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server
  #
  location ~ \.php$ {
      # 开启这一行
      include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
  #
  #	# With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
  #	fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
  #	# With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
      # 开启这一行
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  }
}

    • 创建 phpinfo.php 文件

      vim /var/www/html/phpinfo.php
      <?php
phpinfo();

    • 重启 nginx 服务

      systemctl restart nginx

    • 浏览器访问地址 http://ip:80/phpinfo.php ，检查是否正常解析【注意浏览器缓存，正常来说，配置到这里，已经可以正常解析php文件了】

卸载 php7 ​
sudo apt-get autoremove php7*
安装 Git 和 composer ​
apt install git
apt install composer

执行 composer install 提示安装PHP扩展时，根据提示安装对应扩展，命令为 apt-get install php8.1-gd